Providers have to create their own ED E/M guidelines, which can present a variety of challenges for facilities. For coders, this means an understanding of how to calculate critical care and other factors in order to report the correct visit level.
Q: I have been told by our billers that infusion codes reported in the ED along with an E/M code that has modifier -25 (significant, separately identifiable evaluation and management service on the same day of the procedure or other service) require another modifier. I thought that -25 is the only modifier that should be submitted, unless the provider started a second infusion at a second site on the body. This is the first time I’ve been told the infusion coder need a modifier if the E/M has modifier -25 appended. All of my educational articles tell me that the two can be reported together. Have I missed an update somewhere along the way?
Combination codes in ICD-10-CM will allow coders to report pressure ulcer location and severity in a single code. Jaci Johnson Kipreos, CPC, CPMA, CEMC, COC, CPC-I, and Betty Hovey, CPC, CPC-H, CPB, CPMA, CPC-I, CPCD, review the stages of pressure ulcers and which information coders will have to look for in documentation.
OPPS costs rose approximately $1 billion more than expected in 2014 due to a CMS overestimation of the impact of laboratory packaging changes, according to the 2016 OPPS proposed rule. As a result, CMS proposes a 2% reduction to the 2016 conversion factor. CMS also proposes to expand laboratory packaging from date of service to the claim level.
The 2016 OPPS proposed rule released July 2 is deceptively short, but packs a punch. CMS is proposing the most massive APC reconfiguration and consolidation of APC groups since the beginning of OPPS, says Jugna Shah, MPH, president and founder of Nimitt Consulting, based in Washington, D.C., and Spicer, Minnesota.
Q: I have a question regarding facility coding for evaluation and management (E/M) levels, not for an ED physician, but for facility-level nursing in the ED. If a specialist is called to evaluate or consult on a patient, the nursing intervention is what the facility-level criteria is based on. For example, a patient has difficulty walking, a nurse assists the patient to get an x-ray, takes vitals, does an initial assessment, then provides discharge instructions of moderate complexity. I would code this scenario as a level 3.
The 2016 OPPS proposed rule introduces APC restructuring, new comprehensive APCs, and many other potential changes for next year. Jugna Shah, MPH, and Debbie Mackaman, RHIA, CPCO, CCDS, review the proposals and what they could mean for providers.
CMS has repeatedly tweaked its logic regarding comprehensive APCs since inception. Dave Fee, MBA, reviews the latest changes regarding complexity adjustments, as well as new and deleted codes.
Coders may need to review the anatomy of the gastrointestinal system and disease processes for gallstones, hemorrhoids, and ulcerative colitis to choose the most specific ICD-10-CM code. Jaci Johnson Kipreos, CPC, CPMA, CEMC, COC, CPC-I, and Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, explain aspects of anatomy and what coders will need to look for in the documentation.
Q: We had a patient come into our ED with a severe head injury. To protect his airway, we intubated the patient. Can we report an emergency endotracheal intubation (CPT ® code 31500) and CPR (92950) together if only bagging happens and no chest compressions?
Although CMS did not propose any changes to the 2-midnight rule in the fiscal year 2016 IPPS proposed rule, it signaled its intention to address short stays in the calendar year (CY) 2016 OPPS proposed rule. CMS followed through by introducing several proposed changes to the 2-midnight rule.
Q: I am a coder in a hospital outpatient setting. Our physicians document drug use in social history. For example, marijuana use is documented as just "marijuana use" without any further information regarding a pattern of use or abuse. Based on that information, can I report ICD-9-CM code 305.20 (cannabis abuse, unspecified)? How would this be reported in ICD-10-CM?
Since CMS introduced comprehensive APCs in January, the agency has continued to tweak the logic and codes included in the process. Dave Fee, MBA, and Judith L. Kares, JD, describe those changes in CMS’ April quarterly updates and review code and edit updates.
Q: When the surgeon documents excision of a complex pilonidal cyst with rhomboid flap closure, is the flap closure coded separately or is it included in CPT ® code 11772 (excision of pilonidal cyst or sinus; complicated)?
Most coding professionals have heard modifier -59 (distinct procedural service) referred to as a modifier of last resort and to be cautious in using this modifier.
Lately I've received a lot of questions from hospitals about how to determine when and if it's appropriate to report an E/M visit code on the same date of service as a scheduled procedure.
Q: Should modifiers for laterality be used for CPT ® code 31624 (bronchoscopy, rigid or flexible, including fluoroscopic guidance, when performed; with bronchial alveolar lavage)?
Q: A patient arrives at the interventional radiology department to have an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter inserted for portal hypertension and an iliac stent for May-Thurner syndrome. The physician is unsuccessful in accessing an appropriate portal vein branch, despite a few attempts to pass a wire into small portal branches, and aborts the placement. The plan is to reschedule and return with a transplenic approach. Do we code the attempted IVC filter placement with modifier -74 (discontinued outpatient procedure after anesthesia administered) and the complete iliac stent procedure? Or do we code the extent of the IVC filter placement (that being venography) with the complete procedure? Or do we only code the completed procedure?
The April quarterly I/OCE update from CMS did not defy convention?featuring the typically small number of updates following extensive changes in the previous quarter?but CMS did continue to clarify the logic for comprehensive APC (C-APC) payments.
The 2016 OPPS proposed rule is likely to continue CMS' trend of expanded packaging and feature refinements and expansion of comprehensive APCs based on comments CMS has made in prior rules.
Q: We have a patient with chronic severe low back pain, etiology unknown, on MS Contin®, an opioid. Due to the patient’s history of drug-seeking behavior and cannabis abuse, the physician orders a drug screen prior to refilling the prescription. With the changes to drug testing codes in 2015, what would be the appropriate laboratory CPT ® codes to report?
Since CMS introduced the four replacements for modifier -59 (distinct procedural service), providers have struggled with how and when to apply them. Gloria Miller, CPC, CPMA, CPPM, and Christi Roberts, RHIA, CCA, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, provide examples of when these new modifiers can be used.
When CMS introduced the -X{EPSU} modifiers in August 2014 to be used in specific instances to replace modifier -59 (distinct procedural service), the agency encouraged "rapid migration" to the new modifiers.
The policies that CMS publishes each year in the OPPS proposed rule don't always come as a surprise. Sometimes, CMS will announce its future intent in a previous rule in order to notify providers about data it is looking at or requesting comments on.
CMS released updated I/OCE specifications in January with several changes that could require providers to examine claims submitted early in 2015 that include comprehensive APCs (C-APC) to ensure proper payment.
Q: We are trying to verify whether we should bill for two units of the CPT® code when the provider performs a service with and without magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), such as an MRA of the abdomen, with or without contrast material (code 74185). The description of the MRA CPT codes say "with or without," not with and without for billing all non-Medicare payers. We realize for Medicare we are to use HCPCS codes C8900-C8902.
Dave Fee, MBA, identifies updates to CMS' programming logic for comprehensive APCs and provides a step-by-step approach to determine whether a complexity adjustment will be applied.
Q: If a patient is given Reglan ® intravenously at 12:20, 13:00, and 13:20, would this be considered an IV push because the clinician did not document a stop time?
Q: Our electronic health record system only provides for a "yes/no" choice under smoker. How can we capture the additional details necessary for an ICD-10-CM code assignment?
Q: I have a question regarding a National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI) edit. I reported CPT ® code 80053 (comprehensive metabolic panel) and 84132 (potassium; serum, plasma or whole blood), resulting in an NCCI conflict. This code pair does allow modifier -59 (distinct procedural service) to be appended to one of the codes to be paid for both tests. Does it matter if we append modifier -59 to the primary code or the secondary?\ In my case, sometimes the secondary code is already dropped into the system and now the edit is asking me to append the modifier. Can I add modifier -59 to 80053 whether it's the primary code or not?
Physician coders won't be able to just report the CPT ® code that best describes the procedure for some digestive system services in 2015. Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, and Raemarie Jimenez, CPC, CPMA, CPC-I, CANPC, CRHC, explain why some payers, including CMS, may require new G codes for certain procedures and how the G codes map to related CPT codes.
The implementation of Comprehensive APCs (C-APCs) in the 2015 OPPS final rule likely wasn't a huge surprise to most providers, given CMS discussed this concept in the 2014 final rule and indicated it expected to implement it the following year.
The January quarterly I/OCE update includes new modifiers, changes related to expanded packaging, and continued refinement of CMS' skin substitutes categories, but the biggest change for outpatient hospitals is the implementation of comprehensive APCs (C-APC).
CMS' January I/OCE update brought many changes, including new codes, status indicators, and modifiers. Dave Fee, MBA, reviewsthe latest changes and when they will be implemented by CMS.
Q: Would it be appropriate to report CPT ® code 75984 (change of percutaneous tube or drainage catheter with contrast monitoring [e.g., genitourinary system, abscess], radiological supervision and interpretation) for the following procedure: A small amount of contrast was injected through the indwelling nephrostomy drainage catheter. This demonstrated the catheter is well positioned within the renal collecting system. There is a small amount of thrombus attached to the tip of the pigtail catheter. The existing catheter was cut and a guidewire was advanced through the catheter into the renal collecting system. The existing catheter was removed over the wire and exchanged for a new 10 French nephrostomy tube. The catheter was secured to the skin with 2-O suture and covered with a sterile dressing.
In the 2015 OPPS final rule, CMS introduced a new modifier for services provided in an off-campus, provider-based clinic. Jugna Shah, MPH, and Valerie Rinkle, MPA, review when the modifier will become required and how it should be reported.
Q: Is it correct to append modifier -52 (reduced services) to a procedure code when the physician performed the procedure, but did not find a mass? This was unexpected, so the surgeon went deeper into the subcutaneous tissue and still did not find anything. This is the outpatient note for a patient with a history of breast cancer and a new lump on her arm with an indeterminate ultrasound: Under local anesthesia and sterile conditions, a vertical incision was made over the area of the palpable abnormality. We dissected down beneath the subcutaneous tissues. I could encounter no definitive mass or lesions in this area. We went down to the fascia of her bicep. Her biceps appear normal, and the skin and subcutaneous tissue appear normal. My presumption is that this represented some sort of venous anomaly, and I either popped it or incised it during our entry into the skin, and it is now resolved. Would CPT ® code 24075-52 (excision, tumor, soft tissue of upper arm or elbow area, subcutaneous; less than 3 cm) be correct to report?
Drug administration coding and billing remains a challenge despite no code changes in six years. Jugna Shah, MPH, and Valerie RInkle, MPA, examine how to apply the new -X{EPSU} modifiers with drug administration codes and review other common questions they receive about injections and infusions.
In December 2014, CMS posted a document on its Advisory Panel on Hospital Outpatient Payment (HOP Panel) website outlining the hospital outpatient therapeutic services that were recently evaluated for a change in supervision levels. The three-page document contains a chart that includes the HCPCS code, the level of supervision required for coverage, and the effective dates of the changes for various services.
